Transformer



sept. 7 1.926. Y, 1,599,304

G. H. TUTTLE TRANSFORMER Filed Sept. 8, 1924 2 SheetS-Shet l Hal.

7 r'|l i NI /19/ i| fl ki?? W NWN Hmm-F" Il E l l Il EN gli i l7'f- 17d* l ..I l I Sept. 7 1926.

G. H. TUTTLE TRANSFORMER Filed Sept.

8, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 relatively soft material.

Patented sept. 7, 1926.

UNITED ASTATES PATENT oFFlcE.

GEORGE H. TUTTLE, F WARREN, OHIO, ASSIGNOR 'IO THE PACKARD ELECTRIC COM- PANY, 0F WARREN, OHIO, CORPORATION OF OHIO.'

Application filed September 8, 1924. Serial No. 736,438.

This invention relates to tap-changing switches, especially adapted for use in connection with transformers, although the invention is, obviously, adapted for other applications. n

It is one of the objects of the invention to provide a tap-changing switch mechanism that will be operable from the exterior of the casing'in which the mechanism is arranged and thereby'avoid opening the casing which, in the case of a transformer, is especially desirable because it avoids the possibility of the entrance of moisture into the transformer and the possibility of dropping tools into the transformer.

A further object of the invention is to provide a tap-changing mechanism, of thek kind referred to, in which the switch contacts are of improved construction that will positively clamp the switch blade or connector without depending upon the inherent iexibility of the metal of which the contactsy are made, it being the usual practice to lnake such contacts of copper or other A further object of the invention is to provide an improved form of switch contact that will have a relatively large area of contact with the switch blade or connector and in which the connector is provided With an actuating rod that extends to the exterior ofthe casing and carries a handle having a swivel connection therewith so that it Will not be possible to damage the switch mechanism by turning or twisting the handle.

A `further object of the invention is to provide an improved system of connections between the switch contacts and the taps, which eXtendto the transformer windings, that will permit a greater number of ratio changes, with a given number of taps,y than has been possible with switch mechanisms heretofore used.

Other objects of the invention and the features of novelty will be apparent from the following description taken 4in connection with the accompanying drawings, of which Figure 1 is'anelevation of switch mechanism rembodying my invention, show-n in connection with a transformer casing, a portion of which appears in section;

Fig. 2 isa plan view of the ,apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1; y y i i Fig. 3 is a transverse section onthe line f--3 of Fig. 1; i i

Fig. 4 is a transverse section on'the line 4-4 of Fig. 1; i

Fig. is an enlarged Side elevation of one ofthe switches, 5 with parts shown in section;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged longitudinal section of one form of my improved handle for the switch actuating rod;

rig. 7 is a similar view of another form of handle; and

Fig. 8 is va diagram illustrating `my improved system of connecting theswitch contacts with the transformer taps.

Referring to the drawings,'10.indicates a fragment of an ordinary weather-proof transformer casing having a manhole 11 provided with a cover 12 which, according to the usual custom. is bolted to the transformer casing and makes a weather-tight joint therewith in any suitable manner as by means of a gasket 13.

The cover 1Q carries several tubes 14 which extend above and below the same and which are preferably brazed or welded thereto so as to be rigidly and permanently secured to the cover by weather-proof connections. In the drawings, l have shown five of the tubes 14, arranged in a circle about the center of the cover and extending into the interior of the casing a suicient distance to permit the switch panels 15 to be secured thereto. For simplicity and ease and cheapness of manufacture I provide separate panels 15 for cach of the switches and each of these panels is securcdto the lower end of one of the tubes 14 by being clamped thereto by U-'bolts 16.l as will be readily understood from Fig. 1.

lVithin each of thetubes llthere is slidably arranged a switch actuating rod comprising a section 17, of hickory or other suitable insulating material, and an upper ion 18 of brass or other non-corrosive iii-relai (see Figs. 6 and 7'). rlhe upper `end of each of the-tubes 14 is provided with external ala nd itl screw threads i9 and carries a compre sing` a suitable packaeainst the surtace ot the section 1S o" the switch actuating rod to prevent the entrance oiE moisture through the interior oi the tubes la p.the sections lT and 1S of the switch act` ng rods arer teleseoped a" s cured tog i' by rivets or in any o Ar suitable im. rlhe lower end ot ea -h ot the insulating sections 1T ot said l roos carries 'terrule )il which is telescoped t ierewith and secured thereto by rivets 24C.

Lach ot these terrules has a ttattened side t i-s lower end. indicated at in Fig. i .sv-finch b ale or connector Ztl is Secured to the terr-ole 23 by beingl riveted or otherwise secured on the flattened surface 25. Each of the panels l5 carries a pair ot contacts, at its lower end, suitably spaced apart and adapted to receive the blade or connector 2G. The upper contacts ot the rive switches illustrated are designated generally by the reference letters jv, B. C. D and E, respectively. rhe lower contacts ot these tive switches are indicated generally by tho reference letters F. G, H, J and K, respectively. Fach ot these contacts comprises a pair ot superposed bars 2T and 2S which are supported on the respective panelsl l5 by two bolts Q9. the heads of which engage the outer surface ot the bar 23. rlhe opposte end ot each ot the bolts 2l) carries a nut il() and washer 3l and between the washer 2^ and the panel l5 there is a spring QS toward tl which tends to draw the bar The panels l5 are i'nc'terably p3! bar vided with sockets IES to receive the springs SQ. will be .lost clearly seen trom Fie'. l. lilas-hers Si are provided on toe bolts 7.) between the bars QT and QS Ytor the purpose oi' providing a dei'inite spacing tor the bars when the connector '26 is out ot' contact therewith. The connector 2G is preferably ot rectangular cross-section and. theretore. not rotatable in the contact and the thickness oi the connector should exceed that of' the washers Si so that when the connector' is 'forced between the bars 2T n d 2S the latter will be separated to a slight extent, and thereby made to more lirinly clamp the connector between them and provide a good electrical contact.

The upper end ot each ot the switch aetuatingirods carries a handle and` in view ot the tact that the connector 2G is non-rotatable. l provide handles having swivel connections with the switch actuating rods and therebyv avoid the possibility oi intentional or accidental damage to the s vitches or their actuating` rods by twisting the latter as such twisting of the roos might breai:l the section 1T or the connections between this section and the upper section 18 or the ferrule Q3. In Fig. 6 the handle consists of a tubular member 35 of' sutiicient internal diameter to slide over the gland 2li and baving a socket 36 at its upper end adapted to receive the upper end of the rod section The latter' is provided with an annular groove' 3T and pins: 3S extend through the memher 35 and engage with the groove 3T, thereliy securing the se' tion 1.8 and the meinber 35 together so that the rod may be acl ated by the handle member, but providing a swivel connection between the two which permits the member Bf to be rotated relatively to the section 11S. The lower end ot the member 35 is provided with external screw threads 39 to receive the cap l()7 the end of which has an opening to receive the tube H and permitl the cap el() to slitte on this tube.

ln the handle construction illustrated in Fig. T a tubular member ell has an inturned tlange elf at its. lower end to iorm a sliding connection with the tube lit. The upper end oil1 the rod section 18 is provided with a head il which loosely engages with the upper end ot the member l and the upper part ot the latter is provided with the external threads -ill to receive the cap 4-5 which has a :suitable internal refcss to receive the head f3. without clamping the latter. so that the member ell may freely rotate relative to the rod sV .ion 1S. Y

As will be clearly seen from Figs. G and i the. handles which have been described are .so connected with the switch actuating rods as to be capable ot' moving the latter axially, the outward movement being. in each case, limited by the engagen'ient ot the handle with the lower edge ot the gland 2li. the latter thus acting as a stop.

In Fig. 't l have illustrated one ol. the switches with the connector QG in the lower po, ion in which it connects the contacts ll and K. the other switches being in the raised position so as not to connect their respectivel contacts. In order to insure that but one oi' -the switches may he in the lower or closed positionT and to lock the remaining switches in the upper or open position. I provide a locking device 1which consists of a rotatable disc 4G which is mounted on an upi'ardly projecting boss #t7 on the cover l2 and which is provided with an upwardly projectingr handle 4S b v means of which it may be turned. The dise 4G is notched at one sil as indicated at 4D, and when this notch opposite any particular switch :.uituating rod thisl rod may be raised or lowered at will but the remaining rods will be locked in their upper position by the engagement of the disc. 46 with the lower end of the handles. as will be clearly understood from Fig. 2. lhen it is desired to close any particular switch all otI the switches must be in the open position which permits the disc i6 to be rotated for the purpose of aligning the notch 4T with the particular handle of the switch that is to ybecked thereby ,permitting the actuating rod ofthat switch to befdepressed and, atthe same time, Alocking all of the others.

Reference to Fig. 8 will disclose my improved system y:tor connecting the transormer taps to the .several switch contacts in order to give the maximum number of ratio changes with the number of taps provided, in this ease six. It is customary to provide transformers with multiple-coil windingsl and to connect these windings through the tap-changing switches so that varying numbers of the turns of the windings may be cut in or out. As shown in Fig. 4 the bar 27 of the switch K extends across to and also constitutes the corresponding bar ot the switch F. In like manner the contacts B and C, D and E and H and J are connected together. In addition to forming electrical connection between adjoining contacts the arrangement of the bar 27 provides a brace for the lower ends of the panels carrying the contacts F and K. In like manner the bars which are common to the contacts H and J, B and-fC and D and E, serve to brace the lower ends of the panels l5. Since the bars which connect the upper series of contacts are in staggered relation with the bars connecting the lower series of contacts, all of the panels 15 are thoroughly braced and securely held in proper relation to the tubes 14.

In Fig. 8 I have indicated at 50 and 51 two coils of one of the windings of a transformer with the taps 52, 53 and 54 extending from the coil 50 and the taps 55, 56 and 57 extend` ing from the coil 5l. As shown the tap 52 is connected with the contacts B and C, the tap 53 is connected with the contacts D and E, and the tap 54 with the contact A. The tap 55 connects with the contact G, the tap 56 with the contacts H and J, and the tap 57 with the contacts F and K. ons switch blades or connectors are also shown in Fig. 8 and it will be evident, by following the connections, that when the contacts B and G are connected together all of the turns of the coils 5() and 51 will be in circuit. lVhen the contacts C and II are connected, all of the turns of the coil 50 will be in circuit but a portion of the turns of the coil 5l will be cut out. Following the diagram through it will be clear that various combinations of turns may be provided by the system of connections illustrated and the maximum number of ratio changes may be made for the number of taps shown.

lVhile I have illustrated and described the principles of my invention and what I now consider to be the preferred means for carryin' the sameinto effect, it will be understood that changes may be `made without departing from the spirit of the invention, as defined in the appended claims.

The varif IiliavingJ thus describedwmy invelOl What I claim `is l. In apparatus ot the class described, the combination of a weather-prooil casing,

a tube secured in a wall thereof and project n in g, inwardly and outward therefrom, a panel of insulating material supported within the casing, a pair of contacts on said panel in substantial alignment with said tube, a rod slidable in said tube and comprising a section formed of insulating material and a metallic connector adapted to engage said contacts, said connector being non-rotat able in said contacts, a stuffing boX on the outer end of said tube comprising a gland having threaded engagement with the tube and a packing cooperating with said rod to make a weather-tight joint therearound, and a handle having a swivel connection with said rod and said tube and movable axially of the latter to actuate said rod for the purpose of connecting and disconnecting said contacts.

2. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a weather-proof casing, a tube secured in a wall thereot1 and projecting inwardly and outwardly therefrom, a panel ot insulating material supported within the casing, a pair of contacts on said panel in substantial alignment with said tube. a rod slidable in said tube and comprising a section formed ot insulating material and a metallic connector adapted to engage said contacts, said connector being non-rotatable in said cont-acts, a stuiiing boX onv the outer end of said tube comprising a gland having threaded engagement with the tube and a packing cooperating with said rod to make a weather-tight joint therearound, a handle having a swivel connection with said rod and said tube and movable axially of the latter to actuate said rod for the purpose of connecting and disconnecting said contacts, the outward movement of said handle and rod being limited by engagement of said handle with said gland.

3. In apparatus ot' the class described, the combination ot a plurality of switch panels arranged about a central axis and parallel therewith, supporting means at one end of each of said panels, a pair of switch contacts on each panel spaced apart longitudinally of said axis, a separate connector for each pair of contacts, said contacts each comprising a pair of bars that are pressed together and adapted to receive and clamp the cooperating connector between them, and some ot said bars being common to contacts on different panels and serving to tie the panels together in mutually bracing relation. i

4. fIn apparatus of the class described, the combination of a plurality of switch panels arranged about a central axis and parallel therewith, supporting means at one end of each of said panels, a pair of switch contacts on each panel spaced apart longitudinally panel to contacts on adjoining contacts so of said axis. a separate Connector for euch :is to lie eominon to a plurulitlxv ot Contacts, pair of contents, Sui-:l eontuets eel/eli eoiuprisand the last mentioned bars servingr to tio l0 ing a pair of bars that are pressed together all of the panels together in Inutuull).v brue- 5 and :uleptefl to receive and eienxp the eoopering relation.

ating connector between tliein, and certain of In testiinon;v whereof I nfliX my signature. said lmrs extending from contacts on one GEORGE H. TU'l'lLlC. 

